Before the Addition of new disk to the Linux Server :
=============================================================================
======>> The total number of disks on the system can be seen through fdisk -l
[root@servername ~]# fdisk -l | more
Disk /dev/sda: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 29 232911 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 30 2610 20731882+ 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdb: 536.8 GB, 536870912000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 65270 524281243+ 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdc: 536.8 GB, 536870912000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdc1 1 65270 524281243+ 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdd: 536.8 GB, 536870912000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdd1 1 65270 524281243+ 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sde: 107.3 GB, 107374182400 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sde1 1 13054 104856223+ 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdf: 536.8 GB, 536870912000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdf1 1 65270 524281243+ 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdg: 536.8 GB, 536870912000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdg1 1 65270 524281243+ 83 Linux
Disk /dev/sdh: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdh1 1 3916 31455238+ 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdi: 644.2 GB, 644245094400 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 78325 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdi1 1 78325 629145562 8e Linux LVM
Filesystem sizes on the server before the addition :
=====================================================
[root@servername ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg0-root 992M 483M 458M 52% /
/dev/mapper/vg0-var 2.0G 744M 1.2G 40% /var
/dev/mapper/vg0-tmp 992M 130M 812M 14% /tmp
/dev/mapper/vg0-usr 7.8G 1.3G 6.2G 17% /usr
/dev/mapper/vg0-opt 2.3G 982M 1.2G 46% /opt
/dev/mapper/vg0-home 992M 88M 853M 10% /home
/dev/sda1 221M 26M 183M 13% /boot
tmpfs 1006M 0 1006M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/mapper/vg1-lv0 2.0T 1.7T 277G 86% /data
/dev/mapper/vg3-media1
589G 553G 6.5G 99% /media
We are going to increase the size of the /media FS by adding disk to the vg3 volume group.
After adding the disk from the storage , you can check the new disk availability through the fdisk -l :
========================================================================================================
=====>> New disk added will be shown as /dev/sdj in the below output
[root@servername ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 29 232911 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 30 2610 20731882+ 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdb: 536.8 GB, 536870912000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 65270 524281243+ 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdc: 536.8 GB, 536870912000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdc1 1 65270 524281243+ 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdd: 536.8 GB, 536870912000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdd1 1 65270 524281243+ 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sde: 107.3 GB, 107374182400 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sde1 1 13054 104856223+ 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdf: 536.8 GB, 536870912000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdf1 1 65270 524281243+ 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdg: 536.8 GB, 536870912000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdg1 1 65270 524281243+ 83 Linux
Disk /dev/sdh: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdh1 1 3916 31455238+ 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdi: 644.2 GB, 644245094400 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 78325 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdi1 1 78325 629145562 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdj: 107.3 GB, 107374182400 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk /dev/sdj doesn't contain a valid partition table
Now You are going to create a new partition to the allocated disk /dev/sdj as shown below with the commands :
=============================================================================================================
[root@servername ~]# fdisk /dev/sdj
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklab
Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
content won't be recoverable.
The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 13054.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
(e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdj: 107.3 GB, 107374182400 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-13054, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-13054, default 13054):
Using default value 13054
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdj: 107.3 GB, 107374182400 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdj1 1 13054 104856223+ 83 Linux
Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list codes): L
0 Empty 1e Hidden W95 FAT1 80 Old Minix bf Solaris
1 FAT12 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
2 XENIX root 39 Plan 9 82 Linux swap / So c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
3 XENIX usr 3c PartitionMagic 83 Linux c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
4 FAT16 <32M 40 Venix 80286 84 OS/2 hidden C: c7 Syrinx
5 Extended 41 PPC PReP Boot 85 Linux extended da Non-FS data
6 FAT16 42 SFS 86 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / .
7 HPFS/NTFS 4d QNX4.x 87 NTFS volume set de Dell Utility
8 AIX 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 88 Linux plaintext df BootIt
9 AIX bootable 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 8e Linux LVM e1 DOS access
a OS/2 Boot Manag 50 OnTrack DM 93 Amoeba e3 DOS R/O
b W95 FAT32 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 94 Amoeba BBT e4 SpeedStor
c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52 CP/M 9f BSD/OS eb BeOS fs
e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a0 IBM Thinkpad hi ee EFI GPT
f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a5 FreeBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/
10 OPUS 55 EZ-Drive a6 OpenBSD f0 Linux/PA-RISC b
11 Hidden FAT12 56 Golden Bow a7 NeXTSTEP f1 SpeedStor
12 Compaq diagnost 5c Priam Edisk a8 Darwin UFS f4 SpeedStor
14 Hidden FAT16 <3 61 SpeedStor a9 NetBSD f2 DOS secondary
16 Hidden FAT16 63 GNU HURD or Sys ab Darwin boot fb VMware VMFS
17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 64 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE
18 AST SmartSleep 65 Novell Netware b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto
1b Hidden W95 FAT3 70 DiskSecure Mult bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep
1c Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX be Solaris boot ff BBT
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e
Changed system type of partition 1 to 8e (Linux LVM)
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
=======>> Change the partition type from linux state to the linux LVM state by the command code 8e as shown above.
After the Patition done by the above process now you can able to see the partition as shown below with the Output :
Disk /dev/sdj: 107.3 GB, 107374182400 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdj1 1 13054 104856223+ 8e Linux LVM
=======>> Now create the pv on the server by the above partition.
[root@servername ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdj1
Physical volume "/dev/sdj1" successfully created
=======>> vg free space before the addition of pv to the volumegroup.
[root@servername ~]# vgdisplay vg3
/dev/vg2/media: read failed after 0 of 4096 at 0: Input/output error
--- Volume group ---
VG Name vg3
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 5
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 1
Open LV 1
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size 600.00 GB
PE Size 4.00 MB
Total PE 153599
Alloc PE / Size 153088 / 598.00 GB
Free PE / Size 511 / 2.00 GB
VG UUID aVQV67-68Ge-b6EK-FnbI-81S2-9wsr-EobIkt
=======>> Now extend the volume group by adding the pv as shown below
[root@servername ~]# vgextend vg3 /dev/sdj1
Volume group "vg3" successfully extended
=======>> Now check the volume group free space on the server as shown below
[root@servername ~]# vgdisplay vg3
/dev/vg2/media: read failed after 0 of 4096 at 0: Input/output error
--- Volume group ---
VG Name vg3
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 6
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 1
Open LV 1
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 699.99 GB
PE Size 4.00 MB
Total PE 179198
Alloc PE / Size 153088 / 598.00 GB
Free PE / Size 26110 / 101.99 GB
VG UUID aVQV67-68Ge-b6EK-FnbI-81S2-9wsr-EobIkt
=======>> Now increase ( 100GB ) the LV size as you needed the free space on the FS as shown below
[root@servername ~]# lvextend -L +100G /dev/vg3/media1
Extending logical volume media1 to 698.00 GB
Logical volume media1 successfully resized
=======>> Now resize the FS as shown below
[root@servername ~]# resize2fs -p /dev/vg3/media1
resize2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
Filesystem at /dev/vg3/media1 is mounted on /media; on-line resizing required
Performing an on-line resize of /dev/vg3/media1 to 182976512 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/vg3/media1 is now 182976512 blocks long.
=======>> Now check the FS size with the below output.
[root@servername ~]# df -h /media
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg3-media1
688G 553G 100G 85% /media
